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20240402 [새벽묵상] 지혜로운 조언과 선택 | Wisdom, Advice, and Choices (왕상/1Kings 1:11~27)



1:11 나단이 솔로몬의 어머니 밧세바에게 말하여 이르되 학깃의 아들 아도니야가 왕이 되었음을 듣지 못하였나이까 우리 주 다윗은 알지 못하시나이다

1:12 이제 내게 당신의 생명과 당신의 아들 솔로몬의 생명을 구할 계책을 말하도록 허락하소서

1:13 당신은 다윗 왕 앞에 들어가서 아뢰기를 내 주 왕이여 전에 왕이 여종에게 맹세하여 이르시기를 네 아들 솔로몬이 반드시 나를 이어 왕이 되어 내 왕위에 앉으리라 하지 아니하셨나이까 그런데 아도니야가 무슨 이유로 왕이 되었나이까 하소서

1:14 당신이 거기서 왕과 말씀하실 때에 나도 뒤이어 들어가서 당신의 말씀을 확증하리이다

11 Then Nathan asked Bathsheba, Solomon’s mother, “Have you not heard that Adonijah, the son of Haggith, has become king, and our lord David knows nothing about it? 12 Now then, let me advise you how you can save your own life and the life of your son Solomon. 13 Go in to King David and say to him, ‘My lord the king, did you not swear to me your servant: “Surely Solomon your son shall be king after me, and he will sit on my throne”? Why then has Adonijah become king?’ 14 While you are still there talking to the king, I will come in and add my word to what you have said.”


1:15 밧세바가 이에 침실에 들어가 왕에게 이르니 왕이 심히 늙었으므로 수넴 여자 아비삭이 시중들었더라

1:16 밧세바가 몸을 굽혀 왕께 절하니 왕이 이르되 어찌 됨이냐

15 So Bathsheba went to see the aged king in his room, where Abishag the Shunammite was attending him. 16 Bathsheba bowed down, prostrating herself before the king.


“What is it you want?” the king asked.


1:17 그가 왕께 대답하되 내 주여 왕이 전에 왕의 하나님 여호와를 가리켜 여종에게 맹세하시기를 네 아들 솔로몬이 반드시 나를 이어 왕이 되어 내 왕위에 앉으리라 하셨거늘

1:18 이제 아도니야가 왕이 되었어도 내 주 왕은 알지 못하시나이다

1:19 그가 수소와 살찐 송아지와 양을 많이 잡고 왕의 모든 아들과 제사장 아바아달과 군사령관 요압을 청하였으나 왕의 종 솔로몬은 청하지 아니하였나이다

1:20 내 주 왕이여 온 이스라엘이 왕에게 다 주목하고 누가 내 주 왕을 이어 그 왕위에 앉을 것을 공포하시기를 기다리나이다

1:21 그렇지 아니하면 내 주 왕께서 그의 조상들과 함께 잘 때에 나와 내 아들 솔로몬은 죄인이 되리이다

17 She said to him, “My lord, you yourself swore to me your servant by the Lord your God: ‘Solomon your son shall be king after me, and he will sit on my throne.’ 18 But now Adonijah has become king, and you, my lord the king, do not know about it. 19 He has sacrificed great numbers of cattle, fattened calves, and sheep, and has invited all the king’s sons, Abiathar the priest and Joab the commander of the army, but he has not invited Solomon your servant. 20 My lord the king, the eyes of all Israel are on you, to learn from you who will sit on the throne of my lord the king after him. 21 Otherwise, as soon as my lord the king is laid to rest with his ancestors, I and my son Solomon will be treated as criminals.”


1:22 밧세바가 왕과 말할 때에 선지자 나단이 들어온지라

1:23 어떤 사람이 왕께 말하여 이르되 선지자 나단이 여기 있나이다 하니 그가 왕 앞에 들어와서 얼굴을 땅에 대고 왕께 절하고

22 While she was still speaking with the king, Nathan the prophet arrived. 23 And the king was told, “Nathan the prophet is here.” So he went before the king and bowed with his face to the ground.


1:24 이르되 내 주 왕께서 이르시기를 아도니야가 나를 이어 왕이 되어 내 왕위에 앉으리라 하셨나이까

1:25 그가 오늘 내려가서 수소와 살찐 송아지와 양을 많이 잡고 왕의 모든 아들과 군사령관들과 제사장 아비아달을 청하였는데 그들이 아도니야 앞에서 먹고 마시며 아도니야 왕은 만세수를 하옵소서 하였나이다

1:26 그러나 왕의 종 나와 제사장 사독과 여호야다의 아들 브나야와 왕의 종 솔로몬은 청하지 아니하였사오니

1:27 이것이 내 주 왕께서 정하신 일이니이까 그런데 왕께서 내 주 왕을 이어 그 왕위에 앉을 자를 종에게 알게 하지 아니하셨나이다

24 Nathan said, “Have you, my lord the king, declared that Adonijah shall be king after you, and that he will sit on your throne? 25 Today he has gone down and sacrificed great numbers of cattle, fattened calves, and sheep. He has invited all the king’s sons, the commanders of the army and Abiathar the priest. Right now they are eating and drinking with him and saying, ‘Long live King Adonijah!’ 26 But me your servant, and Zadok the priest, and Benaiah son of Jehoiada, and your servant Solomon he did not invite. 27 Is this something my lord the king has done without letting his servants know who should sit on the throne of my lord the king after him?”


 

 


우리는 개인의 특성과 처한 상황이 모두 다릅니다. 때로는 라합과 같은 확고한 결단이 필요하고, 때로는 룻과 같은 우직한 순종이 필요할 것입니다. 또는 다말과 같이 막다른 길에 놓인 상황 가운데서 아무런 희망이 보이지 않을 때, 오직 주님의 약속에 말씀을 붙들고 순종의 길을 걸어가는 모습도 필요할 것입니다. 그리고 오늘 본문에서 나타나고 있는 밧세바와 같은 믿음이 필요할 때도 있을 것입니다. 

 

오늘 본문에 등장하는 밧세바는 죽음의 위기에 직면해 있습니다. 여차하면 어린 솔로몬과 아들들이 목숨을 잃을 수 있는 위기에 처해있는 것입니다. 밧세바 본인도 다윗 왕이 죽은 이후에는 안전을 보장받을 수 없는 상황입니다.

 

문제는 밧세바를 둘러싼 이 위기가 밧세바 혼자서 이겨낼 수 있는 일이 아니라는 것입니다. 그러나 ‘여자는 약하지만 엄마는 강하다’라고 말하듯이, 밧세바는 결코 주저앉아 포기하며 낙담하고 있지 않았습니다. 밧세바는 오히려 여장부와 같은 기질을 가지고 있었으며, 또한 아히도벨의 손녀였습니다. 


We all have different personalities and face unique situations. Sometimes, firm decisions like Rahab's are necessary, while at other times, Ruth's steadfast obedience is needed. There are also moments, like that of Tamar, where no hope seems visible in a dead-end situation, yet we must cling to the promises of the Lord and walk in obedience. And there are times when faith, like that of Bathsheba in today's passage, is required.

Bathsheba, in the passage today, faces a crisis of death. She and her son Solomon are in imminent danger of losing their lives. Bathsheba herself is in a precarious situation with no assurance of safety after the death of King David.

The problem is that the crisis surrounding Bathsheba is not something she can overcome alone. However, as they say, "women may be weak, but mothers are strong," and Bathsheba never hesitated or despaired. Instead, she possessed qualities akin to a queen and was also the granddaughter of Ahithophel.

 


따라서 어릴 적부터 할아버지의 영향을 많이 받았을 것입니다. 덕분에 밧세바는 다른 여인들보다 탁월한 정치적 감각을 가질 수 있었습니다. 물론 여자로서 한계도 가지고 있었습니다. 정보력도 부족하고, 따르는 사람들도 적었습니다. 특히 아히도벨이 압살롬의 반역에 가담한 이후로는 반역자의 집안이라는 꼬리표를 달고 살아야 되었습니다.

 

이처럼 당시 밧세바를 둘러싼 상황은 결코 녹록하지 않았습니다. 특히 왕위 계승이라는 측면에서 매우 불리한 상황에 처해 있었습니다. 밧세바의 아들들 중에 누구 하나도 다윗의 총애를 받아서 다음 왕위를 이을 계승자로 정해저 있지 않은 상황이었습니다.

 

그럼 아도니야는 어떠한 상황 이었을까요? 아도니야는 다윗 왕에게 한 번이라도 책망받은 적이 없는 엘리트였으며 외모도 무척이나 준수하였습니다. 그래서 유력한 아도니야를 따르는 사람들이 많이 있었습니다. 군사령관 요압과 제사장 아비아달도 아도니야를 지지하였습니다.

 

이러한 상황 가운데 본문은 아도니야가 왕이 되는 것을 막고 솔로몬이 왕이 되게 하려고 앞장선 인물인 선지자 나단의 일을 이야기하고 있습니다. 비록 본문은 나단이 아도니야가 왕이 되는 것을 막으려 했던 이유를 밝히고 있지 않지만, 그가 밧세바에게 한 충고는 앞으로 벌어질 솔로몬을 왕으로 등극시키는 일의 시발점이 되었습니다.


Thus, she must have been greatly influenced by her grandfather from an early age, allowing her to have exceptional political acumen compared to other women. Of course, as a woman, she had her limitations. She lacked information and had few followers. Especially after Ahithophel's involvement in Absalom's rebellion, she had to live with the stigma of being from a traitor's household.

In this way, the situation surrounding Bathsheba at the time was far from easy, especially concerning the succession to the throne. None of Bathsheba's sons were chosen by David for the next heir to the throne.

So, what was Adonijah's situation? Adonijah was an elite who had never been reprimanded by King David, and he was remarkably handsome. Thus, there were many influential people who supported Adonijah, including the army commander Joab and the priest Abiathar.

Amidst this crisis of royal upheaval, the passage discusses the actions of the prophet Nathan, who stood up to prevent Adonijah from becoming king and to advocate for Solomon. Although the passage doesn't explicitly state why Nathan sought to prevent Adonijah from becoming king, his advice to Bathsheba became the starting point for Solomon's ascension to the throne.



왕가의 피바람이 난무하는 이러한 위기 상황 가운데 선지자 나단이 어떻게 지혜롭게 대처하고 있는지를 우리는 본문 속에서 볼 수 있습니다. 나단은 먼저 밧세바에게 다윗 왕 앞에서 겸손하게 할 것을 조언합니다.(13~14절)

 

만약 밧세바가 다윗왕에게 찾아가 13절에서 말한것 처럼 “왕위를 결정하는 문제인데 전에는 내 아들 솔로몬이 왕이 된다고 해놓고 지금 왜 이렇게 했느냐”라고 따지고 든다면 일을 풀어가기는커녕 도리어 큰 화를 불러올 수 있습니다. 그러므로 밧세바는 그 어느 때보다도 자신을 낮추어 공손하게 말해야 하는 상황이였던 것입니다.

 

평소 밧세바의 성품을 잘 아는 나단은 평소 모습보다 훨씬 왕 앞에서 자신을 낮추어 겸손하게 이야기할 것을 조언하며, 13절에서 말한 것처럼 왕비인 자신을 ‘여종’이라고 말하게 한 것입니다. 나단 선지자의 이 조언은 어려운 일을 풀어가는 데 아주 중요한 지혜였습니다.

 

저와 여러분은 어떠한가요? 어려운 일을 만나면 세상의 방법이나 내 생각과 사람을 의지하려고 하나요, 아니면 어려운 문제 앞에서 겸손한 자의 모습과 마음을 가지고, 그 상황 가운데 일하실 주님을 바라보고 계신가요? 우리의 환경과 상황이 절박할수록 격양된 태도를 보이지 말고, 간절함과 겸손함으로 그 상황을 해처 나아가야 합니다. 그리고 주님께 도움을 청하면, 주님께서는 온유하고 겸손한 자의 기도를 들어 주실 줄 믿습니다.


In the midst of this chaotic situation in the royal family, we can see how Prophet Nathan handles it wisely. Nathan advises Bathsheba to approach King David humbly, as mentioned in verses 13-14.

If Bathsheba had gone to King David as she said in verse 13, "Why did you say Solomon would be king, but now Adonijah has become king?" it could have led to trouble instead of resolving the issue. Therefore, Bathsheba needed to speak humbly and respectfully, more than ever before.

Knowing Bathsheba's character well, Nathan advised her to speak humbly before the king, even more humbly than usual, and to refer to herself as a servant, as mentioned in verse 13. Nathan's advice to Bathsheba was crucial wisdom for dealing with a difficult situation.

What about us? When faced with difficult situations, do we rely on worldly methods, our own thoughts, and people? Or do we approach challenging problems with humility, looking to the Lord and seeking His help? As our environment and circumstances become more desperate, we should not exhibit an exaggerated attitude but approach the situation with earnestness and humility. And when we ask for help from the Lord, we believe that He will hear the prayers of the gentle and humble.

 


선지자 나단은 밧세바에게 13절 하반절에 아도니야가 왕이 된 것이 왕의 결정인지를 물어보라 말합니다. 왜냐하면 왕이 나이가 많아 늙어서 과거에 자신이 하나님 앞에서 맹세한 것을 잊어버리고, 정말로 아도니야를 왕으로 세웠을지도 모를 일이기 때문입니다.

 

만일 그랬다면 잘못된 결정일지라도 왕의 명령에 순종해야 하므로 일단 이 일이 왕께서 결정하신 일인지 겸손하게 묻도록 조언합니다. 이것은 일의 잘잘못을 따지기 이전에 먼저 전후 사정을 제대로 파악해야 한다는 것을 말해주고 있습니다.

 

만약 상대방이 전후 사정을 제대로 파악하지도 않고 먼저 격앙된 태도를 보인다면, 그는 자신을 공격하는 것으로 알고 오히려 경계할 수 있습니다. 그러므로 나단은 밧세바에게 최대한 자신을 낮추면서 겸손한 말로 지금 벌어지고 있는 상황을 이야기하면서, 이 일이 왕께서 결정하신 일인지 묻게 한 것입니다.

 

마지막으로 나단은 과거에 맹세한 일을 기억하게 하라고 조언합니다. 만일 다윗이 누가 다음 왕이 되는지 아무 말도 하지 않았다면 아도니야가 왕이 된다고 해도 밧세바와 솔로몬이 위험해지는 일은 없을 것입니다. 그러나 차기 왕이 솔로몬이 될 것이라고 공포한 상황에서 아도니야가 왕이 되면 밧세바와 솔로몬은 곧바로 죽게 될 것입니다. 


Prophet Nathan asks Bathsheba in the latter part of verse 13 to inquire whether Adonijah becoming king was the king's decision. Because if King David, due to old age and forgetfulness, inadvertently made Adonijah king, it might still be considered a valid decree, and they should obediently follow it until they ascertain whether it was indeed a mistake. This suggests that before judging right from wrong, one must first properly understand the circumstances.

If the other person shows a resentful attitude without properly understanding the situation, they may perceive it as an attack and instead become defensive. Therefore, Nathan advised Bathsheba to speak humbly and inquire if the current situation was indeed the king's decision, while lowering herself as much as possible.

Lastly, Nathan advises Bathsheba to remember the past oath. If David had not mentioned who would be the next king, even if Adonijah became king, Bathsheba and Solomon would not be in danger. However, in the current situation where Adonijah is feared to become king, Bathsheba and Solomon would soon be in jeopardy.

 


나단은 다윗에게 이 사실을 알려 자신과 솔로몬의 처지가 매우 어렵게 되었다는 것을 호소하게 합니다. 차분하고 겸손하게 말하면서 과거에 다윗의 맹세를 기억하게 하고, 그 맹세로 말미암아 지금 자신이 매우 곤란한 처지에 있다는 것을 호소하여 다윗의 마음이 움직이도록 하게 한 것은 매우 지혜로운 조언이었습니다.

 

이렇게 나단 선지자의 조언대로 밧세바는 그 말에 순종합니다.(15~21절)

밧세바는 나단 선지자가 한 말보다 더욱 자신을 낮추어 자기는 왕의 명령에 전적으로 순종하는 여자라는 것을 보여줍니다. 그러나 자신의 처지가 매우 어렵다는 상황도 조용히 말합니다. 평소 밧세바의 성품을 익히 알고 있는 다윗으로서는, 밧세바가 이렇게 겸손하게 말을 하니 더욱 불쌍히 여기는 마음이 일어났을 것입니다.

 

나단 선지자는 하나님 말씀의 원리에 따라 밧세바에게 조언했습니다. 이렇게 나단의 조언의 모습을 보면서 우리를 신실하고 좋은 방향으로 인도하는 조언이 있고, 우리를 파멸로 이끌어가는 조언도 있습니다. 우리에게 날마다 들려오는 여러 소리들 중에서 참되고 진실한 말들만 듣는 자가 되어야 합니다. 그러기 위해서는 진실과 거짓을 분별할 수 있는 듣는귀와 지혜를 달라고 구하며 주님앞에 기도해야 합니다.


밧세바의 이야기 이후에 다윗 왕 앞에 나단 선지자가 나타납니다.(22~27절)

나단 선지자가 왕 앞으로 나와 엎드려 절을 하고, 밧세바가 한 말을 다시 언급하면서 아도니야를 왕으로 세우도록 하신 일을 어찌하여 자기에게 말하지 않았느냐고 묻습니다. 즉 선지자인 자신도 모르게 이 일을 정말로 왕께서 진행한 것이 맞느냐고 묻고 있는 것입니다.


Nathan appeals to David, informing him of the difficult position he and Solomon are in. Speaking calmly and humbly, he reminds David of his past oath, appealing to David's heart to move him, as this was a very wise counsel.


Following Nathan's advice, Bathsheba submits (verses 15-21). Bathsheba demonstrates humility beyond Nathan's words, showing herself as a woman who fully obeys the king's command. However, she quietly acknowledges the extreme difficulty of her situation. As someone who knows Bathsheba's character well, David would have felt even more compassion seeing her speak so humbly.

Prophet Nathan advised Bathsheba according to the principles of God's word. Observing Nathan's advice, we see counsel that leads us faithfully and in a good direction, as well as counsel that leads us to destruction. We must become listeners who hear only true and truthful words among the many voices we hear every day. To do this, we must ask for ears to discern truth from falsehood and wisdom before the Lord.

After Bathsheba's story, Prophet Nathan appears before King David (verses 22-27). Nathan prostrates himself before the king and, referring to Bathsheba's words, asks why David did not speak to him about making Adonijah king. In other words, Nathan is questioning whether this was indeed something the king had initiated.

 


사무엘상 12:1~15절에서는 다윗의 죄를 지적할 때 자신의 목숨을 걸었던 나단 선지자였습니다. 다윗이 밧세바를 범하고 그 남편 우리야를 죽였을 때도 왕 앞에 단독으로 찾아가 이 일이 하나님 앞에 큰 죄였음을 지적한 일이 있었습니다. 그때에도 나단은 다윗을 살리기 위해 자신의 목숨을 걸었습니다.

 

그런데 나단은 이번에 또 다윗을 위하여 두 번째로 목숨을 건 것입니다. 너무 늙어 상황판단이 잘 안되는 다윗이 혹시 이 일을 불쾌하게 여겨 아도니야를 왕으로 세우겠다고 말한다면, 밧세바와 솔로몬을 지지하는 나단 역시 죽음을 면할 수 없기 때문입니다.

 

그러나 솔로몬을 왕으로 세우는 것이 하나님의 뜻이고, 하나님의 뜻대로 왕을 세우는 것이 다윗이 해야 할 일이므로, 나단은 다윗이 하나님의 뜻대로 바르게 일을 처리하도록 하기 위해 이번에도 자신의 목숨을 건 것입니다.

 

우리도 때로 무슨 일을 할 때 나의 이익이나 나에 것을 포기해야만 하는 일이 있습니다. 그 일이 하나님을 위한 일이라면 그 뜻을 이루기 위해 예수님께서 아버지의 뜻에 순종하여 자신의 목숨을 버리신 것처럼 말입니다. 또한 나단이 하나님과 자신의 왕인 다윗의 뜻을 위하여 두 번이나 자신의 목숨을 걸었던 것처럼, 우리도 하나님의 나라와 일을 이루기 위하여 나의 소중한 것을 포기할 줄 아는 저와 여러분이 되시기를 간절히 소망합니다.

 

In 1 Samuel 12:1-15, Nathan was the prophet who risked his life to point out David's sin. Even when David committed adultery with Bathsheba and killed her husband Uriah, Nathan confronted him alone before the king, pointing out that this was a great sin before God. At that time, Nathan risked his life to save David.

 

However, this time, Nathan risked his life for David once again. If David, who was too old to make sound judgments, were to perceive this matter unpleasantly and say he would make Adonijah king, Nathan, who supports Bathsheba and Solomon, would also be unable to avoid death.

 

However, since making Solomon king is God's will, and it is David's duty to establish the king according to God's will, Nathan risked his life again to ensure that David would handle the matter rightly according to God's will.

 

We, too, sometimes have to give up our own interests or possessions when doing something for God. If it is for the sake of God's work, it means obeying the Father's will, just as Jesus obeyed the Father's will and sacrificed His life. Furthermore, just as Nathan risked his life twice for the will of God and for David's sake, I earnestly hope that you and I will become those who are willing to give up our precious things to fulfill the work of God's kingdom.

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